Gun type oil burner



April 25, 195o T. W. MURPHY GUN TYPE OIL BURNER Filed FebQ 28, 1946 iparticularfreference to improvedmeans Patented Apr. 25, 195o `,This invention relates-toen,- ol burner 11d-has Slllng proper relationship .of the-combustion-a-ir tothe oilstream orspray-to insure uniform and proper combustion. y

Difficulties `have heretofore been experienced in securing the proper uniform flame inol .burners' by reason of the fact that. there'is interference with the stream of air by the'ignition electrodes and the oil line. (Asga. result of unequal distribution ofthe air, there may exist substantial asym- .metr-yof-.the flame, i. e., it may-start onpne side, as-viewedfrom above, severalinches closer -to `:the conetring than on theother s'ide,".with,a eSu-lting unevnfdistribution of heat inithe furnace.

. 'In-.a'ccordance with the Vpresent inventiomair .guiding means are provided .for Athe purposev of insuring ,uniformity ofthe air stream ,and vproper d-irectingth'ereof relative to thepil spray. ,n TheAk foregoing general .objectief theginvention,

'.a`swell`.,alsother objects particularly relating to details', will become apparent from the following description read in conjunction with the accompanying drawing, in which:

Figure 1 is a vertical section through an oil burner embodying the invention;

Figure 2 is a vertical section taken on the plane indicated at 2-2 in Figure 1; and

Figure 3 is a vertical section taken on the plane indicated at 3'-3 in Figure 1.

A blow tube 2 of conventional character receives air from the usual blower or fan 4 provided with blades 6. Within the blow tube, there is a conventional stabilizer 8 consisting of angular blades to impart rotation to the air as it passes through the blow tube. Extending centrally through the blow tube is the oil line IU terminating in the usual spray nozzle I2, from which emerges the oil in the form of a divergent spray. Porcelain insulating tubes I4 are mounted in the stabilizer and carrying the ignition wires I6. The foregoing is quite conventional.

At the end of the blow tube, there is a cone or choke ring I8. Heretofore, it has been customary to provide this choke ring, if vanes are provided at all, with angular vanes sometimes spiralling in a direction to aid the spin imparted to the air by the stabilizer, and, at other times, spiralling in the opposite direction so as to reverse the direction of spin. In accordance with the present invention, however, there are provided a plurality of blades 20, each being considerably longer than the width of the space between blades of the form indicated in Figures 1 and 2 extending axially of the blow tube and terminating in merg- .fashionias ,-,indicate'd short of the'outlet'edge .of ,the normering.

Y ,-.By reason ,oflthis construction, Athere is .secured .a tpif-.oper ,presentation lof a jcylindrical stream of ,ombus'tionair to ytheoil spray. -Due tothe sta- ,pontion,lv or an annulus ,of this. air stream is jthen straightenedout bythe ...blades 20 into a multiplicit'r; of ,axially iiowingstreams .which are vthen directed `inwardly .toward .the spinning .core by reason of,the..,converging ycurvature .of the cone ring.` While the high peripheral velocity of this outer regiontof air ,isthusinterruptedthecentral core` of.air,.retains;its.spin withthe result that a suitable breaking. up. ordistributionof flow occurs causingthe airernergingffromthe cone ring to .flowin uniformiashion withrespect to the axis tof thel sprayl despite llille usually interfering pres- .,encefnf .the,electrodes\and theoil line. The .re-

sult is uniformity of the region of beginning of ignition of the oil and a resulting uniform and symmetrical flame.

It may be pointed out that uniformity is also achieved if the stabilizer is absent, and spin is secured in some other fashion, for example, by tangential introduction of air into the blow tube.

While the blades are conveniently and desirably carried by the cone ring, it is found that they may be located anywhere between the cone ring and the stabilizer (if the latter is present) so as to have the function of providing parallel axial flow at the outer walls of the air passage.

The construction of the cone ring as illustrated and described offers a further advantage in ease of manufacture, since the mold may be made with the use of match plates, thus eliminating the use of a core.

It will be clear that the principles of the invention may be embodied in various forms without departing from the scope of the invention as defined in the following claims.

What I claim and desire to protect by Letters Patent is:

1.V In combination, a nozzle for providing an oil spray, and means for directing a cylindrical stream 0f air having a spinning core within an outer portion iiowing axially therewith and to the spray of oil to support combustion thereof, said means including" a blow tube, means within the blow tube for imparting to the air fiowing therethrough rotation about the axis of the blow tube, a convergent cone ring terminating the blow tube in advance of the region of the oil 2. In combination, a nozzle for providing an oil spray, and means for directing a cylindrical stream of air having a spinning core within an outer portion flowing axially therewith and to the spray of oil to support combustion thereof, said means including a blow tube, means within the blow tube for imparting to the air flow therethrough rotation about the axis of the blow tube, a convergent cone ring terminating the blow tube in advance of the region of the oil spray, and a multiplicity of radially disposed blades projecting inwardly from said cone ring and extending pary allel to the longitudinal axis ofthe cone ring,

each of said blades being considerably longer than the width of the space between blades projecting inwardly from the walls of the cone ring and parallel to the axis thereof from a point back of the nozzle to a point between the nozzle and the edge of the cone ring to denne axial passages for directing the iiow of the outermost portion of the air iiowing through said passages into the rotating core oi the air stream along and toward the axis thereof between the nozzle and the edge of the cone ring.

3. An oil burner comprising a blow tube, said blow tube having a converging discharge end, a nozzle mounted substantially centrally within said blow tube directing an oil spray toward said discharge end, means for directing a whirling stream of air through said blow tube past said nozzle, and means for directing a plurality of axially flowing streams of air against the converging discharge end of the blow tube, said axially owing streams of air being directed in wardly by the converging end of the blow tube into the central whirling stream of air and oil reducing the divergence and producing a symmetrical whirling now of the air and oil discharging from the bl'ow tube.

4. An oil burner comprising a blow tube, said blow tube having a converging discharge end, a nozzle mounted substantially centrally within said blow tube directing an oil spray toward said discharge end, means for directing a whirling stream of air through said blow tube past said nozzle, and means for directing a plurality of axially flowing streams of air against the converging discharge end of the blow tube, said axially owing streams of air being directed inwardly by the converging end of the blow tube into the periphery of the central whirling stream of air and oil within the discharge end of the blow tube reducing the divergence and producing a symmetrical whirling flow Aof the air and oil discharging from the blow tube.

THOMAS W. MURPHY.

REFERENCES CITED The following references are of record in the file of this patent:

UNITED STATES PATENTS Litzenberg Mar. 4, 194'.1 

